- Bill C-5 allows federal cabinet to fast-track major infrastructure projects.
- The Liberals passed it with unexpected Conservative backing.
- Indigenous and environmental leaders express concern over rights and oversight.
The Liberal government’s signature legislation, Bill C-5, passed in the House of Commons with support from the Conservative opposition, marking a rare moment of bipartisan agreement on economic policy.
However, the bill has stirred criticism from Indigenous communities and environmental groups who argue it grants too much discretionary power to cabinet, potentially overriding legal protections.
Bill C-5 Clears Commons: Promise and Pushback in Nation-Building Agenda
Bill C-5, also known as the One Canadian Economy Act, was introduced in early June and passed swiftly through the House, despite its complex implications. Its intent is to accelerate approvals for infrastructure deemed critical to Canada’s resilience amid trade and climate challenges.
Conservative support was strategic rather than enthusiastic. Andrew Scheer said his party backed the legislation because there was “a glimmer of hope” it could deliver meaningful results, though concerns remain about how the bill will be applied.
Premiers are divided on which projects deserve prioritization, with Alberta pushing for pipeline development and B.C. voicing opposition due to lack of clear proponents or funding. No national project list has yet been finalized.
Critics say the bill could bypass essential laws, but the removal of the Indian Act from the exemption list and plans for Indigenous engagement signal efforts to ease tensions. Summits with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis leaders are scheduled to begin in July.
As Bill C-5 moves to the Senate, its implementation will test whether fast-tracking development can coexist with Indigenous rights, environmental protection, and provincial unity.
“Consultation, co-operation, engagement and participation are at the heart of this bill.” — Prime Minister Mark Carney
